Cutaneous manifestations in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis

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Original Article

Author Details : Gnanasekaran R, Saravanan R, Krishnaram A S, Shanmugarpriya K, Premananth P*

Volume : 6, Issue : 2, Year : 2020

Article Page : 168-173

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijced.2020.033

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Abstract

Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) associated with many cutaneous manifestations starts from
xerosis, dark pigmentation, to life threatening severe uncontrolled itching. Cutaneous problems with CRF
having different and newer manifestations after hemodialysis interventions.
Aim: To assess the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations including hair and nails in chronic renal failure
(CRF) patients on hemodialysis .
Materials and Methods: One hundred patients of CRF undertaking hemodialysis were examined for
various cutaneous presentations.
Results: cutaneous manifestations seen in eighty six patients. The commonest finding was xerosis
(81%),had wide range of clinical presentation with pruritus (56%) produced distress symptoms skin
color changes presented commonly as pallor (65%), and cutaneous hyperpigmentation (53%) manifesting
physical and psycological disturbance s respectively. Othera skin problem found peculiar to chronic renal
failure are acquired perforating dermatoses of kyrles diease (20%); prevalence of cutaneous infections
especially dermatophytosis and other superficial fungal infections (28%), pyoderma(10%) and viral (13%)
infections; other important cutaneous manifestation are purpura (10%); and eczema(2%). The nail changes
sharing significant presentations in majority of renal failure patients which included half and half nail
(20%),as important clinical marker followed by koilonychia (16%), onychomycosis (16%), onycholysis
(11%), Mees’ lines (7) Hair changes also contributing significant clinical finding as sparse body hair (27.
Wide array of oral mucosal changes presented mainly as macroglossia (36%), xerostomia (28%), ulcerative
stomatitis (27%), and uremic odour(7%).
Conclusions: CRF had a significant cutaneous changes mainly as xerosis, pruritus acquired perforating
dermatoses, uraemic odour and hyperpigmentation. These changes served as clinical clue in diagnosis
and therapeutic management. These changes were attributed by disease (CRF) as well as hemodialysis.
Management aimed as alleviation of sufferings and improve life quality.

Keywords: Chronic renal failure, Cutaneous, Hemodialysis.

How to cite : Gnanasekaran R, Saravanan R, Krishnaram A S, Shanmugarpriya K, Premananth P, Cutaneous manifestations in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatol 2020;6(2):168-173

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