Dermatological manifestations and associated factors in patients with Graves' disease in Dakar

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Original Article

Author Details : Assane Diop*, Saer Diadie, Mame Tene Ndiaye, Mame Fatou Faye, Ismail Tounsi, Aby Seck, Demba Diédhiou, Boubacar Ahi Diatta, Maodo Ndiaye, Abdoulaye Lèye, Fatimata Ly, Suzanne Oumou Niang

Volume : 10, Issue : 4, Year : 2024

Article Page : 454-460

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijced.2024.079

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Abstract

Introduction: The dermatological manifestations of Graves' disease exhibit a polymorphic nature. Our objective was to delineate the diverse cutaneous, mucosal, and pharyngeal manifestations associated with Graves' disease and to assess the influence of the received treatments.
Materials and Methods : This cross-sectional study involved the prospective collection of data conducted between March 1st and August 31st, 2021. We enrolled patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with Graves' disease and under follow-up care at two referral endocrinology units.
Results : Out of the 288 enrolled patients, 210 (72.9%) presented dermatological manifestations. The average age was 38.27 years, and the sex ratio was 0.117. Notably, 44.7% (n=84) of patients reported a history of voluntary skin bleaching. The predominant dermatological manifestations included palmar and/or plantar hyperpigmentation (55.7%), dry and brittle hair (47.6%), non-scarring alopecia (45%), axillary depilation (36.2%), hand wetness (22.8%), skin xerosis (18.6%), pruritus (17%), eyebrow tail sign (16.2%), palmar and/or plantar keratoderma (14.3%), brittle nails (9%), pretibial myxedema (1.4%), and one case of lichenoid toxidermia related to thiamazole. Notably, pruritus showed a statistically significant correlation with the use of oral phytotherapy (p=0.04784). Among former patients, cutaneous hyperpigmentation was statistically associated with carbimazole (p=0.03721) and propranolol (p=0.009850).
Conclusion : The primary dermatological feature in Graves' disease is characterized by the prevalence of cutaneous hyperpigmentation. The persistence of these manifestations for some patients may be attributed to the treatments administered.
 

Keywords: Hyperpigmentation, Pruritus, Graves' disease, Carbimazole, Oral phytotherapy

How to cite : Diop A, Diadie S, Ndiaye M T, Faye M F, Tounsi I, Seck A, Diédhiou D, Diatta B A, Ndiaye M, Lèye A, Fatimata Ly, Niang S O, Dermatological manifestations and associated factors in patients with Graves' disease in Dakar. IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatol 2024;10(4):454-460

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